C++ Cheat Sheet (Printable)
This cheat sheet provides a concise overview of essential C++ concepts and syntax, designed for quick reference during coding.
Data Types
| Data Type | Description | Size (bytes) |
|---|---|---|
char |
Character | 1 |
int |
Integer | 4 |
float |
Single-precision floating-point | 4 |
double |
Double-precision floating-point | 8 |
bool |
Boolean (true/false) | 1 |
void |
Represents the absence of a value | - |
Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
+ |
Addition | x + y |
- |
Subtraction | x - y |
* |
Multiplication | x * y |
/ |
Division | x / y |
% |
Modulus (remainder) | x % y |
+= |
Add and assign | x += y (equivalent to x = x + y) |
-= |
Subtract and assign | x -= y (equivalent to x = x - y) |
*= |
Multiply and assign | x *= y (equivalent to x = x * y) |
/= |
Divide and assign | x /= y (equivalent to x = x / y) |
%= |
Modulus and assign | x %= y (equivalent to x = x % y) |
++ |
Increment | x++ (post-increment), ++x (pre-increment) |
-- |
Decrement | x-- (post-decrement), --x (pre-decrement) |
== |
Equality | x == y |
!= |
Inequality | x != y |
< |
Less than | x < y |
> |
Greater than | x > y |
<= |
Less than or equal to | x <= y |
>= |
Greater than or equal to | x >= y |
&& |
Logical AND | x && y |
| ` | ` | |
! |
Logical NOT | !x |
Control Flow
- if-else statement:
if (condition) {
// Code to execute if condition is true
} else {
// Code to execute if condition is false
}
- switch statement:
switch (expression) {
case value1:
// Code to execute if expression equals value1
break;
case value2:
// Code to execute if expression equals value2
break;
default:
// Code to execute if expression doesn't match any case
}
- for loop:
for (initialization; condition; increment) {
// Code to execute in loop
}
- while loop:
while (condition) {
// Code to execute in loop
}
- do-while loop:
do {
// Code to execute in loop
} while (condition);
Arrays
- Declaration:
int numbers[5]; // Array of 5 integers
- Accessing elements:
int firstElement = numbers[0];
Pointers
- Declaration:
int *ptr; // Pointer to an integer
- Dereference:
int value = *ptr; // Accessing the value pointed to by ptr
Functions
- Declaration:
int sum(int a, int b); // Function declaration
- Definition:
int sum(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
- Calling:
int result = sum(2, 3); // Function call
Classes and Objects
- Class declaration:
class Car {
public:
string model;
int year;
void display() {
cout << "Model: " << model << endl;
cout << "Year: " << year << endl;
}
};
- Object creation:
Car myCar;
myCar.model = "Ford";
myCar.year = 2023;
myCar.display();
Namespaces
- Declaration:
namespace MyNamespace {
// Code within the namespace
}
- Accessing elements:
MyNamespace::functionName();
This cheat sheet provides a basic foundation in C++. Remember to consult comprehensive documentation and tutorials for a deeper understanding and further exploration of the language.